저번시간 이어서 : 2023.04.11 - [네트워크 수업] - [실습] OSPF 23.04.11
교재 : 2023.04.11 - [네트워크 수업] - OSPF.pdf 23.04.11
R1(config)#router ospf 11
R1(config-router)#no area 12 stub
R2(config)#router ospf 11
R2(config-router)#no area 12 stub no-summary
R2(config-router)#no area 12 stub
R3(config)#router ospf 11
R3(config-router)#no area 34 nssa default-information-originate
R4(config)#router ospf 11
R4(config-router)#no area 34 nssa
R1#clear ip ospf process
Reset ALL OSPF processes? [no]: y
eigrp 의 핵심은 gear
ospf의 핵심은 stub area 축약이다.
R4(config)#router ospf 11
R4(config-router)#redistribute connected subnets
R2의 loo5이 재분배되었다. 그럼 R1에서는 어떻게 보일까?
1. Nomal Stub
R1) area 12 stub
R2) area 12 stub
- LSA type 5(O E1, O E2)를 차단하고 stub장비에게 default route 를 준다.
1. Nomal Stub
R1(config)#router ospf 11
R1(config-router)#area 12 stub
R2(config-router)#router ospf 11
R2(config-router)#area 12 stub
이렇게 주고
R1#show ip route
11.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 7 subnets, 2 masks
C 11.11.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
O 11.11.2.0/24 [110/65] via 11.11.12.2, 00:00:11, Serial1/0
O IA 11.11.3.0/24 [110/129] via 11.11.12.2, 00:00:11, Serial1/0
C 11.11.12.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0
O IA 11.11.23.3/32 [110/128] via 11.11.12.2, 00:00:11, Serial1/0
O IA 11.11.23.2/32 [110/64] via 11.11.12.2, 00:00:11, Serial1/0
O IA 11.11.34.0/24 [110/192] via 11.11.12.2, 00:00:13, Serial1/0
O*IA 0.0.0.0/0 [110/65] via 11.11.12.2, 00:00:13, Serial1/0
type5만 사라졌다. 하지만 default route가 있기 때문에 통신이 된다.
2. Totally stub
R1) area 12 stub
R2) area 12 stub no-summary
- LSA type 3과 5(OIA, O E1, O E2)를 차단하고 stub장비에게 default route 를 준다.
2. Totally stub
R2(config)#router ospf 11
R2(config-router)#area 12 stub no-summary
R1#clear ip route *
R1#show ip route
Gateway of last resort is 11.11.12.2 to network 0.0.0.0
11.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets
C 11.11.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
O 11.11.2.0 [110/65] via 11.11.12.2, 00:01:52, Serial1/0
C 11.11.12.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
O*IA 0.0.0.0/0 [110/65] via 11.11.12.2, 00:00:21, Serial1/0
3. Normal NSSA
R3) area 34 nssa default-information-originate
R4) area 34 nssa
- LSA type 5 를 차단하고 stub 장비에게 디폴트 루트를 준다. 대신에 차단한 LSA type 5는 N경로(type 7)로 변형되어 stub 장비에게 건너간다.
R3(config-if)#ip add 3.3.0.1 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#ip add 3.3.1.1 255.255.255.0 sec
R3(config-if)#ip add 3.3.2.1 255.255.255.0 sec
R3(config-if)#ip add 3.3.3.1 255.255.255.0 sec
R3(config)#route-map LO3
R3(config-route-map)#match interface loopback 3
R3(config-route-map)#router ospf 11
R3(config-router)#redistribute connect route-map LO3 subnets
//R3(config-router)#router ospf 11
R3(config-router)#no area 34 nssa
R3(config-router)#end// 저번시간에 한거 지워주기
R4#sho ip route
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
O E2 3.3.0.0 [110/20] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:13, Serial1/0.34
O E2 3.3.1.0 [110/20] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:13, Serial1/0.34
O E2 3.3.2.0 [110/20] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:13, Serial1/0.34
O E2 3.3.3.0 [110/20] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:13, Serial1/0.34
5.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
O E2 5.5.0.0 [110/20] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:13, Serial1/0.34
O E2 5.5.1.0 [110/20] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:13, Serial1/0.34
O E2 5.5.2.0 [110/20] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:14, Serial1/0.34
O E2 5.5.3.0 [110/20] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:14, Serial1/0.34
9.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
C 9.9.0.0 is directly connected, Loopback9
C 9.9.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback9
C 9.9.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback9
C 9.9.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback9
11.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 8 subnets, 2 masks
O IA 11.11.1.0/24 [110/193] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:16, Serial1/0.34
O IA 11.11.2.0/24 [110/129] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:16, Serial1/0.34
O 11.11.3.0/24 [110/65] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:16, Serial1/0.34
C 11.11.4.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
O IA 11.11.12.0/24 [110/192] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:16, Serial1/0.34
O IA 11.11.23.3/32 [110/64] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:16, Serial1/0.34
O IA 11.11.23.2/32 [110/128] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:16, Serial1/0.34
C 11.11.34.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0.34
R3(config)#router ospf 11
R3(config-router)#area 34 nssa default-information-originate
R4(config)#router ospf 11
R4(config-router)#area 34 nssa
R4(config-router)#do sh ip route
Gateway of last resort is 11.11.34.3 to network 0.0.0.0
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
O N2 3.3.0.0 [110/20] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:02, Serial1/0.34
O N2 3.3.1.0 [110/20] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:02, Serial1/0.34
O N2 3.3.2.0 [110/20] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:02, Serial1/0.34
O N2 3.3.3.0 [110/20] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:02, Serial1/0.34
9.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
C 9.9.0.0 is directly connected, Loopback9
C 9.9.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback9
C 9.9.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback9
C 9.9.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback9
11.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 8 subnets, 2 masks
O IA 11.11.1.0/24 [110/193] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:04, Serial1/0.34
O IA 11.11.2.0/24 [110/129] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:04, Serial1/0.34
O 11.11.3.0/24 [110/65] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:06, Serial1/0.34
C 11.11.4.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
O IA 11.11.12.0/24 [110/192] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:06, Serial1/0.34
O IA 11.11.23.3/32 [110/64] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:06, Serial1/0.34
O IA 11.11.23.2/32 [110/128] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:06, Serial1/0.34
C 11.11.34.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0.34
O*N2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:06, Serial1/0.34 //이렇게 디폴트 경로가 생긴다.
3network는 OE1, OE2가 없어야 하는데 R3에서 건너가면 안되는데 막을수가 없다. NSAstub한테는 OE1 OE2를 못막는다. ==>type7 (stub같지않은 stub에게 어쩔수 없이 간 경우 = N2경로)
R3(config-router)#do sh ip route
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
C 3.3.0.0 is directly connected, Loopback3
C 3.3.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback3
C 3.3.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback3
C 3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback3
5.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
O E2 5.5.0.0 [110/20] via 11.11.23.2, 00:02:27, Serial1/0.23
O E2 5.5.1.0 [110/20] via 11.11.23.2, 00:02:27, Serial1/0.23
O E2 5.5.2.0 [110/20] via 11.11.23.2, 00:02:27, Serial1/0.23
O E2 5.5.3.0 [110/20] via 11.11.23.2, 00:02:28, Serial1/0.23
9.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
O N2 9.9.0.0 [110/20] via 11.11.34.4, 00:01:34, Serial1/0.34
O N2 9.9.1.0 [110/20] via 11.11.34.4, 00:01:34, Serial1/0.34
O N2 9.9.2.0 [110/20] via 11.11.34.4, 00:01:35, Serial1/0.34 //R3,R4 서로 N2 경로로 건너온다는 것을 알수있다.
O N2 9.9.3.0 [110/20] via 11.11.34.4, 00:01:35, Serial1/0.34
11.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 8 subnets, 2 masks
O IA 11.11.1.0/24 [110/129] via 11.11.23.2, 00:02:30, Serial1/0.23
O IA 11.11.2.0/24 [110/65] via 11.11.23.2, 00:02:30, Serial1/0.23
C 11.11.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
O 11.11.4.0/24 [110/65] via 11.11.34.4, 00:01:35, Serial1/0.34
O IA 11.11.12.0/24 [110/128] via 11.11.23.2, 00:02:30, Serial1/0.23
O 11.11.23.2/32 [110/64] via 11.11.23.2, 00:02:30, Serial1/0.23
C 11.11.23.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0.23
C 11.11.34.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0.34
4. Totally NSSA
R3) area 34 nssa no-summary
R4) area 34 nsss
-LSA type 3과 5를 차단하고 stub장비에게 디폴트 루트를 준다. 대신에 차단한 LSA type 5는 N경로(type7)로 변형되어 stub에게 건너간다.
서로 주고받은 N경로를 지우고싶다면?
R3(config)#router ospf 11
R3(config-router)#no area 34 nssa no-summary default
R3(config-router)#no area 34 nssa
R3(config-router)#area 34 nssa no-summary
show run>>
router ospf 11
router-id 11.11.3.3
log-adjacency-changes
area 34 nssa no-summary
redistribute connected subnets route-map LO3
network 11.11.3.3 0.0.0.0 area 34
network 11.11.23.3 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 11.11.34.3 0.0.0.0 area 34
R3#clear ip ospf process
Reset ALL OSPF processes? [no]: y
R4#clear ip route *
R4#show ip route
Gateway of last resort is 11.11.34.3 to network 0.0.0.0
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
O N2 3.3.0.0 [110/20] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:15, Serial1/0.34
O N2 3.3.1.0 [110/20] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:15, Serial1/0.34
O N2 3.3.2.0 [110/20] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:15, Serial1/0.34
O N2 3.3.3.0 [110/20] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:15, Serial1/0.34 //이래도 R3은 N경로로 넘어왔다. 9.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
C 9.9.0.0 is directly connected, Loopback9
C 9.9.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback9
C 9.9.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback9
C 9.9.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback9
11.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets
O 11.11.3.0 [110/65] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:17, Serial1/0.34
C 11.11.4.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
C 11.11.34.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0.34
O*IA 0.0.0.0/0 [110/65] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:18, Serial1/0.34
R3#show ip route
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
C 3.3.0.0 is directly connected, Loopback3
C 3.3.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback3
C 3.3.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback3
C 3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback3
5.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
O E2 5.5.0.0 [110/20] via 11.11.23.2, 00:01:30, Serial1/0.23
O E2 5.5.1.0 [110/20] via 11.11.23.2, 00:01:30, Serial1/0.23
O E2 5.5.2.0 [110/20] via 11.11.23.2, 00:01:30, Serial1/0.23
O E2 5.5.3.0 [110/20] via 11.11.23.2, 00:01:32, Serial1/0.23
9.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
O N2 9.9.0.0 [110/20] via 11.11.34.4, 00:01:22, Serial1/0.34
O N2 9.9.1.0 [110/20] via 11.11.34.4, 00:01:22, Serial1/0.34
O N2 9.9.2.0 [110/20] via 11.11.34.4, 00:01:23, Serial1/0.34
O N2 9.9.3.0 [110/20] via 11.11.34.4, 00:01:23, Serial1/0.34 //얘도변함없이N경로로 넘어왔다.
11.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 8 subnets, 2 masks
O IA 11.11.1.0/24 [110/129] via 11.11.23.2, 00:01:33, Serial1/0.23
O IA 11.11.2.0/24 [110/65] via 11.11.23.2, 00:01:33, Serial1/0.23
C 11.11.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
O 11.11.4.0/24 [110/65] via 11.11.34.4, 00:01:23, Serial1/0.34
O IA 11.11.12.0/24 [110/128] via 11.11.23.2, 00:01:33, Serial1/0.23
O 11.11.23.2/32 [110/64] via 11.11.23.2, 00:01:33, Serial1/0.23
C 11.11.23.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0.23
C 11.11.34.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0.34
R3이렇게만 보이게.
router ospf 11
router-id 11.11.3.3
log-adjacency-changes
area 34 nssa no-summary
redistribute connected subnets route-map LO3
network 11.11.3.3 0.0.0.0 area 34
network 11.11.23.3 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 11.11.34.3 0.0.0.0 area 34
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
C 3.3.0.0 is directly connected, Loopback3
C 3.3.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback3
C 3.3.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback3
C 3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback3
5.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
O E2 5.5.0.0 [110/20] via 11.11.23.2, 00:00:12, Serial1/0.23
O E2 5.5.1.0 [110/20] via 11.11.23.2, 00:00:12, Serial1/0.23
O E2 5.5.2.0 [110/20] via 11.11.23.2, 00:00:12, Serial1/0.23
O E2 5.5.3.0 [110/20] via 11.11.23.2, 00:00:14, Serial1/0.23
9.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
O N2 9.9.0.0 [110/20] via 11.11.34.4, 00:00:14, Serial1/0.34
O N2 9.9.1.0 [110/20] via 11.11.34.4, 00:00:14, Serial1/0.34
O N2 9.9.2.0 [110/20] via 11.11.34.4, 00:00:15, Serial1/0.34
O N2 9.9.3.0 [110/20] via 11.11.34.4, 00:00:15, Serial1/0.34
11.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 8 subnets, 2 masks
O IA 11.11.1.0/24 [110/129] via 11.11.23.2, 00:00:15, Serial1/0.23
O IA 11.11.2.0/24 [110/65] via 11.11.23.2, 00:00:15, Serial1/0.23
C 11.11.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0
O 11.11.4.0/24 [110/65] via 11.11.34.4, 00:00:15, Serial1/0.34
O IA 11.11.12.0/24 [110/128] via 11.11.23.2, 00:00:15, Serial1/0.23
O 11.11.23.2/32 [110/64] via 11.11.23.2, 00:00:15, Serial1/0.23
C 11.11.23.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0.23
C 11.11.34.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0.34
이렇게 해주고
R3(config-router)#area 34 nssa no-summary no-redistribution
R4#show ip route
9.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
C 9.9.0.0 is directly connected, Loopback9
C 9.9.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback9
C 9.9.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback9
C 9.9.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback9
11.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets
O 11.11.3.0 [110/65] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:01, Serial1/0.34
C 11.11.4.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
C 11.11.34.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0.34
O*IA 0.0.0.0/0 [110/65] via 11.11.34.3, 00:00:03, Serial1/0.34
//N경로가 사라졌다.
여기서 재분배한건 어쩔수없이 넘어간다.
5. Totally NSSA no-redistribute
-LSA type 3,5,7을 차단하고 stub장비에게 디폴트 루트를 준다. 그러나 stub 장비에서 재분배된 외부네트워크는 ABR인 R3으로 N경로로 건너온다.
R3) area 34 nssa no-summary no-redi
R4) area 34 nsss
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